Introduction to Plaster
Introduction to Plaster      Plaster is a commonly used building material for wall decoration. Plaster powder serves two purposes when decorating walls: one is to fill gaps in wall surfaces, and the other is to create a refined finish. These two uses require different types of plaster powder and different application methods.Plaster is made from plaster of Paris as the basic material and polymer materials as the binding agent, combined with inorganic fillers through dry mixing. It is a new type of improved interior wall finishing material, which changes the traditional habit of using cement-based binding materials and ensures good compatibility and adhesion with various base walls. The quality of plaster application directly influences the safety, usability, and reliability of the building structure.Note:1. Choose an appropriate trowel; the size of the trowel should be proportional to the width and thickness of the plaster line being produced. Wider and thicker lines require more plaster powder, hence a larger trowel should be used. Add clean water to the trowel and then add in plaster.2. Pour the mixed plaster into the mold, quickly rotate the mold to evenly coat the plaster, until it stops flowing out of the mold.3. Demolding: Once the plaster is dry, place the plaster item on a flat surface, remove the clamps first, then gently peel away the mold from the bottom. (When demolding, ensure your hands face inward towards the mold; if there are hard-to-demold areas, pour some warm water on the outer surface of the mold to soften it before demolding).4. Sealing the base: Find a sheet of glass, ceramic tile or marble slab to prepare. Pour the prepared plaster into the mold, quickly cover the bottom with the board, then stand it upright. After 5-10 minutes, remove the glass tile or marble slab, and then remove the remaining plaster.
Construction Precautions for Foam Glass Boards
Construction Precautions for Foam Glass Boards1. The teams conducting on-site construction and the personnel involved must hold valid certifications, undergo training before starting work, and maintain strict production awareness to ensure quality.2. Foam glass board external wall insulation construction must take fire precautions to eliminate hazards at the earliest stage.3. The material management responsible person must strictly control all types of external wall insulation materials entering the site.4. The team responsible for the on-site construction of foam glass boards must formulate a detailed construction process plan and technical requirements. At least one week before the construction of external wall insulation, the technical head of the construction team must thoroughly train the on-site workers in both ** construction techniques and provide the client with a detailed technical disclosure plan, ensuring workers understand the technical requirements and strictly follow regulations during construction.5. During construction of thin plaster external wall insulation for foam glass boards, the Beijing External Wall Insulation Engineering Association recommends proceeding after the base wall has been verified and accepted by the Quality Supervision Bureau.6. During construction, the seams of the external wall insulation system must be properly sealed. Corners and other areas should receive special treatment to prevent deformation.7. Pay attention to the impact of weather during construction; work is generally permitted only under low humidity conditions. If humidity is excessive, a primer must be applied to the base surface.
Manufacturing Process of Foam Glass
Manufacturing Process of Foam Glass.The manufacturing process of foam glass mainly includes three parts: 1. Preparation of foam glass mixture;2. Molding of the powder body; 3. Preheating, sintering, foaming, stabilizing bubbles, and annealing. ★ PreheatingThe purpose of preheating is to remove any chemically bonded water, adsorbed water, and free water present in the mixture; as the powder body has poor thermal conductivity, directly heating sintering at high temperatures can cause surface carbon to oxidize, leading to uneven foaming. Therefore, a temperature within the range of 350-400 degrees is typically selected for preheating to eliminate various moisture in the body. The preheat temperature used in this experiment is 400 degrees. ★ Sintering and FoamingThe preheated body is quickly heated to the predetermined sintering temperature and held for a certain time. By rapidly increasing the temperature, the foaming agent decomposes, and the gas produced by the foaming agent gets trapped in the softened body without escaping, resulting in a significant amount of gas phase. The heating rate during the sintering process is generally selected at 8-10 degrees/min. ★ AnnealingAfter foaming, the samples are rapidly cooled to the desired annealing temperature at a fast cooling rate, generally 15-20 degrees/min. Rapid cooling fixes the generated porosity structure within the material to form a porous structure. As the samples experience stress during rapid cooling, it is necessary to hold the samples at temperature for a period to eliminate stress; after annealing, the furnace power is turned off and the samples are allowed to cool to room temperature naturally.
Establishing Guidelines for Foam Glass Insulation Boards and Methods for Foam Glass Material Insulation
Recently, some authoritative experts in China have proposed establishing guidelines for foam glass insulation boards, primarily because, in some regions, there has been chaos in the market for foam glass insulation boards. Experts analyze that some building fires are not only related to exterior insulation materials but also intricately linked to construction management, material management, safety management, and construction procedures.Previously, relevant departments had made decisions regarding new fireproof foam glass insulation boards. However, many manufacturers of foam glass insulation boards were affected, facing obstacles in their sales. Due to the lack of unified standards for some new types of external insulation materials, companies created their own enterprise standards, but the time for standard filing is generally prolonged, which can hinder production.Foam glass is used as wall insulation material, replacing red bricks, reducing wall thickness, and saving energy, which indirectly expands the usable area while decreasing the self-weight of the building. When installed, regular cement mortar or polymer cement mortar is used for adhesion, providing strong bonding. If used as an external wall coating, simply apply a layer of cement mortar over the foam glass layer for leveling. If using colored foam glass, it can be cut into specific shapes, directly bonded with polymer cement mortar.Foam glass insulation bricks can be adhered to walls or ceilings using adhesives, leveled, and then painted with decorative coatings. Wood wool boards can also serve as insulation layers. Wood wool boards act as sound-absorbing materials and are often seen on theater and cinema walls. However, this material is relatively expensive and is suitable when rooms require both insulation and sound absorption. Alternatively, battens can be installed on the wall, filled with insulation materials such as mineral wool, and then covered with gypsum boards. This method requires tight coverage to prevent dust leakage.
Common Uses of Foam Glass in the Construction Industry
Foam glass is a lightweight, high-strength insulation material known for its excellent thermal insulation, acoustic absorption, moisture resistance, and fire resistance. Due to the rapid development of foam insulation materials, many construction materials in various industries rely on foam glass insulation boards. With its superior properties, foam glass insulation boards play a crucial role in the construction industry.The applications of foam glass in energy conservation in buildings mainly include:1. Roof insulation. The insulation structure forms for foam glass insulation boards used on roofs are primarily upright, inverted, and sloped. Inverted roofs can be used for planting vegetation or storing items; they can also achieve various effects on roof terraces. Foam glass easily pairs with other traditional building materials, is easy to construct, waterproof, non-combustible, and has excellent insulation performance.2. External wall insulation. When foam glass is used on external walls, the thickness of the wall is significantly reduced, greatly reducing the weight of the building structure and thus expanding the indoor area. During construction, a special adhesive is used to attach the foam glass to the outer surface of the wall; then, the surface of the foam glass insulation board can be decorated as desired.The external wall insulation technology uses a special adhesive to securely fix the foam glass to the base wall, with a crack-resistant mortar applied for surface treatment. The outer layer can be finished with preferred materials and decorations, making it not only sturdy but also fire-resistant, waterproof, and aesthetically pleasing. The higher the fire rating requirement, the more the unique charm of foam glass insulation boards is highlighted.
12 共14条 2页,到第 确定
返回顶部